for, while, do-while difference

Now, we are going to see the following in detail.

1. difference between while and do while
2. difference between for and do while
3. difference between for and while

Difference between while and do-while loop

while loop	do-while loop
Expression is evaluated at the beginning in while loop. Example:      while (expression) {             statement;      }	Expression is evaluated at the end in do-while loop Example:      do {             statement;       } while (expression);
while loop executes the statement inside the loop only if the truth value of the expression is not 0.	do-while loop executes the statement inside the loop at least once, regardless of whether the expression is true or not.
Variable used in expression needs to be initialized at the beginning of the loop or before the loop Example 1:      // initialization - outside loop      int i = 0;       while (i < 5) {           printf("Hello world\n");           i = i + 1;      } Example 2:   // initialization at the start of loop      while ((ch = getchar()) != '\n') {           printf("Hello world\n");      }	Variable used in expression can be initialized inside loop or before the loop or at the end of the loop. Example:      int i, j = 0;      do {             printf("Hello World\n");             if (j == 0) {                  // initialization - inside loop                  i = 0;                  j = j + 1;             } else {                  i++;             }      } while (i < 5);

Difference between for and do-while loop

for loop	do-while loop
Expression is evaluated at the beginning in for loop.	Expression is evaluated at the end in do-while loop
for loop executes the statement inside the loop only if the truth value of the expression is not 0	do-while loop executes the statement inside the loop at least once, regardless of whether the expression is true or not.
Variable used in expression can be initialized at the beginning of the loop or before the loop Example 1: (initialization at the start of loop)      for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {           printf("Hello wold");      } Example 2:  (initialization - before loop)     int i = 0;     for ( ; i < 5; i++) {          printf("Hello world");     }	Variable used in expression can be initialized inside inside the loop or before the loop or at the end of the loop. Example 1: (initialization inside loop)     do {           ch = getchar();      } while (ch != '\n'); Example 2: (initialization before the loop)      int i = 0;      do {           printf("Hello world\n");           i = i + 1;       } while (i < 5); Example 3: (initialization at the end of the loop)      do {           printf("Hello world\n");      } while ((ch = getchar()) != '\n');

Difference between for and while loop

for loop	while loop
Initialization, expression evaluation and iteration can be performed in single line	Initialization, expression evaluation and iteration cannot be performed in single line.
Mostly, for loop is preferred for known iterations	While loop is preferred for unknown iterations.
Below is the syntax for for loop:      for (initialization;               expression; iteration) {                       statement;      }	Below is the syntax for while loop.      while (expression) {           statement;      }

Let us write a simple C program that illustrates while and do-while loop construct difference.

 
  #include <stdio.h>
  int main() {
        int i, j, k;
        j = k = 0;
        // variable(j) in expression is initialized outside the loop
        while (j < 5) {
                printf("While loop\n");
                j = j + 1;
        }

        printf("\n");
        do {
                printf("Do-While loop\n");
                if (k == 0) {
                        i = 0;
                        k = k + 1;
                } else {
                         //variable in expression is initialized inside loop
                        i = i + 1;
                }
        } while (i < 5);

        printf("\nValue of i is %d\n", i);


        /*
         * value of i is 5 by this time.  So, the truth value
         * of expression in both while and do-while will be 0.
         * Statement inside while loop won't be executed.  Whereas,
         * statement inside do-while will be executed once
         * irrespective of truth value of the expression
         */
        while (i < 0) {
                printf("Truth value of my expression is 0 - while loop\n");
        }

        do {
                printf("Truth value of my expression is 0 - do-while loop\n");
        } while (i < 0);

        return 0;
  }

  Output:

  jp@jp-VirtualBox:~/$ ./a.out
  While loop
  While loop
  While loop
  While loop
  While loop

  Do-While loop
  Do-While loop
  Do-While loop
  Do-While loop
  Do-While loop
  Do-While loop

  Value of i is 5
  Truth value of my expression is 0 - do-while loop

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